Hammer crusher



Dec. 30, 1930. G. w. BORTON 1,786,695

HAMMER CRUSHER Original Filed Aug. 25, 1928 12 12 INVENTOR GeorgePatented Dec.30,'193() UN IT E1);

PATENT;- oFFicE GEORGE W. BOB/TON, OF NEW LISBON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORTO PENNSYLVANIA CRUSHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., CORPORATION OF NEWYO RK Ermvnunn CRUSHER Original application filed August 25, 1928,Serial No.

302,080. Divided and this application filed June 6,

1929. Serial N0. 368,820.

My invention relates to crushing 'str'uctures of the character or typeknown as hammer mills, that is to say structures which involve asupporting base, a suitable housing or frame mounted thereon andenclosing a chamber receiving the material to be crushed and including acage or screen made up of suitable grate bars, a breaker plate (orplates), and a rotor-structurecarrying a series of hammers designed toact upon the material to becrushed. The machine is of massive and rigidconstruction and is designed to receive what is known as steam shovelfeed or the contents of a quarry car, which may be delivered directlyintothe hopper leading to the crushing zone.

,My present improvements have been ap v plied to a structureof the typeset forth in my pending application filed August 25, m 1928, Serial No.302,080, wherein Ihave described a machine highly efiicient for thecrushing of material by what may be termed .up-running hammers, that isto say, hammers which pass upwardly between grid bars located in thefeed chute or hopper and which serve as temporary supporting means forthe material operated upon. These hammers in their up-running actiontend to lift the larger pieces of;material in addition tothe-incremental breaking orrcrushing action imparted thereto; therebyagitating material of mixed sizes,avoiding packing of the feed and insuring proper reduction of the material temporarily supported by the gridbars for passage through the latter, substantially by gravity, into thepath of the down-running hammers for further reduction in cooperationwiththe bars of the cage, or screen.

An important feature of my improved crushing structure resides in theupper part of the chamber comprising the feed chute or hopper into whichthe material to be crushed is'dumped; one wall of the same being in theform of aheav'y, reinforced plate, preferably curved and partiallyoverhanging the hopper,

which wall or plate may be pivotally connect;

ed to the frame or housmg.

Oneobje'ct' of my invention is to provide --means whereby the materialto be crushed may be retarded in its movement through the hopper andtemporarily supported in a position to be engaged by the hammers ofthemtor structure 1n their uprunnlng or overhead movement, and for thispurpose I provide a series of grid bars projecting into the hopper spaceand which may extend part Way or entirely across the path ofthe feed andlying over the rotor structure the hammers of such rotor structurepassing between said bars and initially engagingsuch material before itpassesto the main crushing zone.

A further object of my invention is to provide the pivotally mountedbreaker wall of the hopper with rounded projections carried by awear-plate member (orme mbers) which may be pivotally mounted in saidpivotally mounted wall for cooperative association with and arranged tobe projected toward the grid bars, with means for holding said pivotallyhung wear plate member (ormemhers) in their adjusted positions.

These and other features of my invention are more fully describedhereinafter; reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, in which:I

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation more or less diagrammatic,illustrating a form of hammer crusher mechanism within the scope-housing, indicated generally at 1, which may be made of structuralmetal and/or heavy cast parts suitably secured together and sup portingthe various elements making up the crushingstructure, and more fullyreferred to hereinafter.

A screen or cage 2, which may be made up of arc'uate side members 3,supporting a series of bars 4, is disposed in the base portion of thestructure; such screen as a Whole a being pivot'ally supported on ashaft 5 disposed at one end of the machine, and ad justably supported atthe opposite end; pref- 'erably by chains 6,'passing over pinions-7, 3

carried by a shaft 8; which chains may be adjusted as desired to elevateor lower the right hand end of the cage or screen by i1nparting rotativemovement to said shaft 8. The bars a may be of the type illustrated inmy Patent No. 1,624,886, dated April 12, 1927, or like those shown inthe co-pending application of Oscar Anderson, filed July 24, 1928,Serial No. 295,039. The shaft Sup porting the left hand end of the cageor screen, as illustrated in the drawings, may be of the adjustabletype, such as illustrated in the patent of Charles R. Rouse, No.1,695,562, dated December 18, 1928.

lVithin the crushing chamber provided by such cage or screen and abovethe latter a hammer-carrying rotor structure is mountcd, which maycomprise a shaft 10, journaled in suitable bearings 11; end plates ordisks 12; a series of disks 13 arranged between said end plates; rods 1%extending longitudinally of the rotor structure and passing through saidintermediate disks and secured to said end disks or plates, and hammers15 which are pivotally hung on said rods. Ham; mer-carrying rotorstructures of this general type are well known in the art and thehammers may be of any suitable type; preferably of massive and heavyconstruction, which may have renewable tips in order that wear may becompensated for and fresh tips supplied without removing the shanks ofthe hammers from the suspension rods 14.

The chute or hopper into which the material to be crushed may bedelivered is indicated generally at 20, and partly overhung by a curvedbreaker wall or plate 21, forming one end of the crusher structure andwhich may comprise a reinforced frame or plate of heavy construction.This frame or plate may be pivotally mounted on the shaft 5 whichsupports the cage or screen and may have its inner and partiallyoverhanging face provided with a series of renewable wear members 22,which may be secured to said frame or plate by suitable bolts, asindicated at- 23. r I

. In order that the delivery of material into the crushing zone may beretarded to a certain extent and the desired reduction ln the hammersinsured, I provide a series of grid bars in the chute or hopper, whichbars may extend part way across the lower portion of the chute orhopper; such grid bars being disposed in relatively fixed position. Theylie in such position as to temporarily support the larger masses ofmaterial fed into the hopper while the latter are being acted upon bythe tip-running hammers 15, moving in the direction of the arrow a,until such larger masses have been reduced or broken to a size that willpermit passage through the spaces between or beyond the grid bars forfurther action by th hammers 15, co-

operating with the bars 4 of the cage or screen, in the final crushingchamber of the machine. The short grid bars may terminate at a pointjust beyond the vertical axis of the rotor structure, or at any desiredpoint where they will perform the desired function, and they may beoft-he type disclosed in the copending application of Charles A. Jamison, filed August 25, 1928, Serial No. 302,108, mi may be verticallyadjustable in the manner disclosed therein.

, The wall 21 of the hopper or chute, which is curved and partiallyoverhangs the grid bars, may be provided with a series of relativelyfixed wear plates, indicated at 22. For the purpose of temporarilysupporting the material to be crushed additional retarding means may beprovided, and for this purpose the curved plate or frame 21 may beprovided with a section (or sections) 35, pivotally mounted on a crossbar 36, carried by said frame 21 and having means whereby it may bemoved toward and from the ends of the grid bars; its normal positionbeing within a recess 21; formed in the frame 21. Such operating meansmay be in the form of a rod (or rods) 37 pivotally connected at 37, tothe section (or sections) 35, and passing through a rocking support (orsupports) 38. The rod (or rods) 37 may be provided with apertures 39,for the passage of a retaining pin (or pins) 39 designed to hold thepivotally mounted section (or sections) in adjusted positions. Thissection or sections) 35 may carry a series of detachable bosses 40, ofthe type illustrated in the Jamison application referred to, whosecooperative position with respect to the grid bars 25 may be altered asconditions may require. The upper end of the section (or sections) 35may be rounded as indicated at 35* so that rock masses which may strikeagainst the same will slide off without occasioningundue shock or break-VVhen worn, the section (or sections) 35 may be renewed by firstremoving the cross bar 36. The bosses 40 may be renewed when worn bydetaching the bolts 40 holding them to the section or sections) 35.

The cage or screen structure comprises the arcuate side members 3,connected together by suitable spacing cross member 3, 3", et seq.; suchside members being hung on the shaft 5 at one end (which shaft may be ofthe type disclosed in the patent of House, before referred to), andsupported at the opposite end by chainst), passing over the pinions 7carried by the shaft 8.

A tramp iron pocketmay be arranged at the right hand side of themachine, as illustrated in Fig. 1, just beyond the endv of the cage orscreen. At such part of the machine the cross portion 21 of the framewhich extends betwecnthe side walls of the structure and serves as asupport for the grid bars 25 is arched, and receives a wear plate 71which may extend part way into the crushing chamber; being notched at 72for the passage chute or hopper, will be provided with the usual. wearplates, and that the side members 30f the cage or screen will carry theusual shedding members designed to shed or direct material being crushedinto the path of the hammers and through the spaces between the bars ofthe screen or cage.

As in the machine of my pending application above referred to, thebottom of the feed chute or hopper formed'by the grid bars 25, cuts intothe up-running hammer circle at a point below the high point of the samein other words, the up-running hammers have an opportunity of impactingthe stone on an up grade for a considerable portion of the arc of thehammer circle, before the center or highest part of the hammer circle isreached.

This is believed to be a distinctly advantageous feature ofconstruction, as large pieces of stone or other material are retarded ingoing uphill and this additional time element gives the hammers betteropportunity in the early stages, when the pieces of stone or othermaterial are large, for the important and heavier preliminary breaking,so that when the uncrushed material gets up to the zenith or highestportion of the circle and starts downward at increased speed, it isbetter adapted, by reason of its size, to take the balance of the ridedown hill to the left of the zenith, when its speed would be faster andwhere the lesser but no less important secondary crushing takes place.In other words, it seems distinctly better that the larger pieces ofmaterial particularly, which are the most ditficult to reduce, arepresented to the hammer circle on an upgrade and at slower speed, ratherthan at the top of the circle where they would be more rapidly carriedinto a down hill position. This condition would give the hammers lesstime to do the preliminary heavy crushing, which would mean that thematerial would enter the rapidly restricting zone between the ham mersandthe breaking surface of the wall or plate 21, in appreciably largesizes; thereby causing congestion of work inthis restricted zone;reducing: the chance for a complete and final reduction from the hammeraction, with increased wear and shock to the machine, and the necessityof increased power because the total reduction period would beconsiderably increased.

I claim:

1. In acrushing machine, the combination with a frame having a hopperand a breaker wall structure pivotally connected to said frame andpartly overhangingsaid hopper,

a screen adjustably mounted in the lower portion of said frame and belowsaid overhanging breaker wall structure, a rotor structure carryinghammers cooperating with said screen, and a. series of grid bars in thelower portion of said hopper above the screen for temporarily retardingthe passage of material to be crushed whereby said material may besubjected to the action of said hammers in their uprunning movementwhile temporarily retarded, of a wear member pivot ally mounted in saidbreaker wall structure and arranged to be adjusted toward and from saidgrid bars.

2. In a structure such as set forth in claim 1, means for holding thepivotally mounted wear member carried by the breaker wall structure inadjusted positions to serve as additional retarding means temporarilysupporting the material to be crushed.

3. In a structure suchas set forth in claim 1, means for operating thepivotally mounted wear member carried by the breaker wall structurecomprising a rod pivotally connected to said wear member, a rockingsupport for the same, and a pin for holding said rod inadjustedpositions. a I

4. In a structure such as set forth in clain 1, a. series of projectionscarried bythe pivotally mounted wear member connected to the 1 breakerwall structure.

5. In a structure such as set forth in claim 1, disposing the pivotalconnection for the movable or swinging wear member adjacent the pivotalconnection of the breaker wall structure.

6. In a structure such as set forth in claim. 1, means for holding saidpivotally mounted wear member in adjusted positions, and bosses carriedthereby and projecting into the hopper space.

7. In a structure such as set forth in claim 1, providing the wearmember pivotally connected to the breaker wall structure and adapted toswing toward and from the grid bars; with a rounded upper surface.

8. In a structure such as set forth in claim I specification. I

GEORGE W. BORTON. V

